High-frequency of birth defects at new-borns (2–3%), sporadic character of their origin in the majority of cases (to 95%), high-frequency of embryonic and fetal losses, due to birth defects (80–85%), meaningful deposit of birth defects in the structure of reasons of neonatal death rate, morbidity and child’s disability, determine their extraordinary medical and social value for a health protection. The estimation of meaningfulness of genetic factor in development of group of NTD by the modern methods of molecular diagnostics will allow conducting the pathogenically grounded prophylaxis and control of development of NTD at population level.
