Бронхиальная астма (БА) представляет собой заболевание с четкими клиническими, физиологическими
и морфологическими особенностями. По статистическим прогнозам, на фоне устойчивого
роста заболеваемости БА до 2025 г. общее количество пациентов увеличится на 100 млн
человек, в Европе насчитывается около 30 млн больных БА. Перспективное направление современной
медицины — применение бактериальных иммунных препаратов в терапии аллергических
заболеваний, обострение которых провоцируется инфекциями. Популярным среди пациентов и
врачей является препарат «Бронхомунал». Сейчас на кафедре семейной медицины и общей практики
Одесского национального медицинского университета проводятся исследования, имеющие
целью улучшить астма-контроль у пациентов с БА. Больным основной группы вместе с базисной
терапией было предложено получать лечение бактериальным лизатом в профилактической дозе.
Проведенное лечение улучшает астма-контроль и делает течение БА более контролируемым.
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a disease with clear clinical, physiological and morphological features.
According to statistical forecasts, against the background of a steady increase in the incidence of
asthma until 2025, the total number of patients will increase by 100 million people, in Europe there
are about 30 million patients with asthma. Clinical studies that have been devoted to the analysis of
the course of asthma with concomitant obesity and overweight have demonstrated a number of typical
traits; it has been found that this is usually an older person, with the presence of various concomitant
pathologies. Changes in lifestyles in industrialized countries have led to a reduction in the infectious
burden, and this is associated with an increase in allergic diseases. Control over asthma can be
achieved by using basic therapy that is proven and is the basis of treatment protocols, which include:
leukotriene receptor antagonists, inhaled and systemic steroids. However, even with an individual approach
when prescribing baseline therapy, it is not always possible to achieve the desired asthma
control for each patient. Changing lifestyles in industrialized countries has led to a reduction in the
infectious burden and is associated with an increase in allergic diseases. In 1989, D. P. Strachan with
authors formed a “hygienic hypothesis”, which suggests that reducing contact with infectious agents
reduces the possibility of switching the Th2-cell immune response formed during the antenatal and
neonatal periods with predominance of it over the Th1-cell response in the direction of a balanced
ratio of T-helper cells 1-Th type and type 2, which promotes persistence of allergic inflammation. Thus,
an infection that arose in a certain age, is considered as a protective factor in the development of
atopy. The promising direction of modern medicine is the use of bacterial immune drugs in the treatment
of allergic diseases, the exacerbation of which is provoked by infections. The drug Bronchomunal
is popular among patients and doctors. Now, at the Department of Family Medicine and General
Practice of the Odessa National Medical University, research is being carried out to improve asthma
control in patients with asthma. Patients in the main group, together with baseline therapy, were asked
to receive treatment with bacterial lysate in a prophylactic dose. The proposed treatment improves
asthma control and makes the course of asthma more controllable.
